📘 thermodynamics

1. The problem is to understand the entropy equation in thermodynamics. 2. Entropy ($S$) is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system.

1. **State the problem:** We have a parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) with given dimensions and properties. We want to calculate the exit fluid temperature after heating.

1. The problem involves understanding the relationship between heat energy, specific heat, mass, and temperature change. 2. The specific heat capacity formula is given by $$Q = mc\

1. **State the problem:** We need to find the volume of a rigid tank containing 2 kmol of N2 and 6 kmol of CO2 gases at 300 K and 115 MPa using the ideal gas equation. 2. **Write d

1. **State Function and Its Importance** State functions are properties whose values depend only on the current state of the system, not on the path taken to reach that state. Exam

1. **Problem Statement:** We are given a diesel engine with compression ratio $r=18$, cutoff ratio $\rho = 1.05$, and specific heat ratio $c_p/c_v = c=1.4$. We need to calculate th

1. **State the problem**: We need to calculate the mass of air at the inlet of a chamber given: r = 10:1 (compression ratio),

1. **Problem statement:** Calculate properties and performance of an ideal saturated steam Rankine cycle with single-stage regeneration between 1000 psia and 1.0 psia, neglecting p

1. The problem is to convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit. 2. We use the formula for conversion: $$F=\frac{9}{5}C+32$$ where $C$ is Celsius and $F$ is Fahrenheit.

1. **State the problem:** We have a 2.0 kg metal block with specific heat capacity $c = 450$ J/kg°C. It is heated from 30°C to 80°C, doing 400 J of work on the surroundings during