Limits Sequences
1. **Statement of the problem:**
We have three sequences defined for $n \in \mathbb{N}^*$:
$$U_n = \sqrt{4n^2 + 5}, \quad V_n = n^2 + 2n - 1, \quad W_n = n + 5.$$
We want to find the limits as $n \to +\infty$ of:
$$U_n, \quad V_n, \quad W_n, \quad U_n - 2W_n, \quad U_n - V_n, \quad U_n - W_n.$$
2. **Calculate $\lim_{n \to +\infty} U_n$:**
Rewrite $U_n$:
$$U_n = \sqrt{4n^2 + 5} = \sqrt{4n^2\left(1 + \frac{5}{4n^2}\right)} = 2n \sqrt{1 + \frac{5}{4n^2}}.$$
As $n \to +\infty$, $\frac{5}{4n^2} \to 0$, so:
$$\sqrt{1 + \frac{5}{4n^2}} \to 1,$$
thus:
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} U_n = \lim_{n \to +\infty} 2n \times 1 = +\infty.$$
3. **Calculate $\lim_{n \to +\infty} V_n$:**
Since $V_n = n^2 + 2n - 1$, the dominant term is $n^2$, which grows without bound:
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} V_n = +\infty.$$
4. **Calculate $\lim_{n \to +\infty} W_n$:**
Since $W_n = n + 5$, which grows linearly:
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} W_n = +\infty.$$
5. **Calculate $\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - 2W_n)$:**
Recall:
$$U_n = 2n \sqrt{1 + \frac{5}{4n^2}} = 2n \left(1 + \frac{5}{8n^2} + o\left(\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\right) = 2n + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right).$$
Also:
$$2W_n = 2(n + 5) = 2n + 10.$$
So:
$$U_n - 2W_n = \left(2n + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)\right) - (2n + 10) = \frac{5}{4n} - 10 + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right).$$
As $n \to +\infty$, $\frac{5}{4n} \to 0$ and $o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right) \to 0$, so:
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - 2W_n) = -10.$$
6. **Calculate $\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - V_n)$:**
Recall:
$$U_n = 2n + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right),$$
and
$$V_n = n^2 + 2n - 1.$$
Then:
$$U_n - V_n = \left(2n + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)\right) - (n^2 + 2n - 1) = -n^2 + 1 + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right).$$
As $n \to +\infty$, $-n^2 \to -\infty$, so:
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - V_n) = -\infty.$$
7. **Calculate $\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - W_n)$:**
Recall:
$$U_n = 2n + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right),$$
and
$$W_n = n + 5.$$
Then:
$$U_n - W_n = \left(2n + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)\right) - (n + 5) = n - 5 + \frac{5}{4n} + o\left(\frac{1}{n}\right).$$
As $n \to +\infty$, $n - 5 \to +\infty$, so:
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - W_n) = +\infty.$$
**Final answers:**
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} U_n = +\infty,$$
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} V_n = +\infty,$$
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} W_n = +\infty,$$
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - 2W_n) = -10,$$
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - V_n) = -\infty,$$
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} (U_n - W_n) = +\infty.$$