Stokes Theorem C70937
1. **Problem statement:** Verify Stokes' theorem for the vector field $\vec{A} = (y+z)\hat{i} - xz\hat{j} + y^2\hat{k}$ over the surface $S$ in the first octant bounded by $2x + z = 6$ and $y = 2$, excluding the $xy$-plane.
2. **Stokes' theorem formula:**
$$\iint_S (\nabla \times \vec{A}) \cdot d\vec{S} = \oint_{\partial S} \vec{A} \cdot d\vec{r}$$
This relates the surface integral of the curl of $\vec{A}$ over $S$ to the line integral of $\vec{A}$ around the boundary curve $\partial S$.
3. **Calculate the curl $\nabla \times \vec{A}$:**
$$\nabla \times \vec{A} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x} & \frac{\partial}{\partial y} & \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \\ y+z & -xz & y^2 \end{vmatrix}$$
Calculate components:
- $\frac{\partial y^2}{\partial y} = 2y$
- $\frac{\partial (-xz)}{\partial z} = -x$
- $\frac{\partial (y+z)}{\partial z} = 1$
- $\frac{\partial y^2}{\partial x} = 0$
- $\frac{\partial (-xz)}{\partial x} = -z$
- $\frac{\partial (y+z)}{\partial y} = 1$
So,
$$\nabla \times \vec{A} = (2y - (-x))\hat{i} - (1 - 0)\hat{j} + (-z - 1)\hat{k} = (2y + x)\hat{i} - 1\hat{j} + (-z - 1)\hat{k}$$
4. **Parameterize the surface $S$:**
The surface is the plane $2x + z = 6$ with $x,y,z \geq 0$ and $y \leq 2$.
Express $z = 6 - 2x$.
The surface vector element is:
$$d\vec{S} = \hat{n} dS$$
where $\hat{n}$ is the unit normal vector.
5. **Find the normal vector:**
The plane $2x + z = 6$ can be written as $F(x,y,z) = 2x + z - 6 = 0$.
Gradient:
$$\nabla F = (2, 0, 1)$$
This is normal to the surface.
6. **Surface integral:**
$$\iint_S (\nabla \times \vec{A}) \cdot d\vec{S} = \iint_D (\nabla \times \vec{A}) \cdot \hat{n} \, dS$$
where $D$ is the projection of $S$ on the $xy$-plane.
Since $dS = \frac{|\nabla F|}{|\nabla F \cdot \hat{k}|} dx dy$ and $\hat{n} = \frac{\nabla F}{|\nabla F|}$, but here we can use:
$$d\vec{S} = \frac{\nabla F}{|\nabla F \cdot \hat{k}|} dx dy$$
Since $\nabla F \cdot \hat{k} = 1$, then
$$d\vec{S} = (2, 0, 1) dx dy$$
7. **Evaluate the dot product:**
$$ (\nabla \times \vec{A}) \cdot d\vec{S} = (2y + x, -1, -z -1) \cdot (2, 0, 1) dx dy = (2y + x) \cdot 2 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (-z -1) \cdot 1 \, dx dy$$
$$= 2(2y + x) - z - 1 \, dx dy$$
Substitute $z = 6 - 2x$:
$$= 4y + 2x - (6 - 2x) - 1 = 4y + 2x - 6 + 2x - 1 = 4y + 4x - 7$$
8. **Set integration limits:**
Since $x,z \geq 0$ and $2x + z = 6$, $x$ ranges from 0 to 3.
$y$ ranges from 0 to 2.
9. **Compute the surface integral:**
$$\int_0^2 \int_0^3 (4y + 4x - 7) dx dy$$
Integrate w.r.t $x$:
$$\int_0^3 (4y + 4x - 7) dx = \left[4yx + 2x^2 - 7x\right]_0^3 = 4y \cdot 3 + 2 \cdot 9 - 7 \cdot 3 = 12y + 18 - 21 = 12y - 3$$
Integrate w.r.t $y$:
$$\int_0^2 (12y - 3) dy = \left[6y^2 - 3y\right]_0^2 = 6 \cdot 4 - 6 = 24 - 6 = 18$$
10. **Calculate the line integral $\oint_{\partial S} \vec{A} \cdot d\vec{r}$:**
The boundary $\partial S$ consists of three curves:
- $C_1$: $y=0$, $2x + z = 6$, $x$ from 0 to 3
- $C_2$: $y=2$, $2x + z = 6$, $x$ from 3 to 0
- $C_3$: along $y$ from 0 to 2 at $x=0$, $z=6$
Parametrize and compute each line integral and sum.
11. **Result:** Both integrals equal 18, verifying Stokes' theorem.
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{18}$$