Line Integral 3Eb4E3
1. **State the problem:** Evaluate the line integral $$\int_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r}$$ where $$\mathbf{F} = \cos y \hat{i} + x \sin y \hat{j}$$ and $$C$$ is the curve $$y = \sqrt{1 - x^2}$$ from $$(1,0)$$ to $$(0,1)$$.
2. **Parameterize the curve:** Since $$y = \sqrt{1 - x^2}$$, we can use $$x = t$$ with $$t$$ going from 1 to 0, and $$y = \sqrt{1 - t^2}$$.
3. **Find $$d\mathbf{r}$$:**
$$d\mathbf{r} = dx \hat{i} + dy \hat{j} = dt \hat{i} + \frac{d}{dt}(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) dt \hat{j}$$
Calculate $$dy/dt$$:
$$\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{d}{dt} (1 - t^2)^{1/2} = \frac{1}{2}(1 - t^2)^{-1/2} \cdot (-2t) = \frac{-t}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}}$$
So,
$$d\mathbf{r} = dt \hat{i} - \frac{t}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}} dt \hat{j}$$
4. **Evaluate $$\mathbf{F}$$ along the curve:**
$$\mathbf{F}(t) = \cos y \hat{i} + x \sin y \hat{j} = \cos(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) \hat{i} + t \sin(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) \hat{j}$$
5. **Compute the dot product $$\mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r}$$:**
$$\mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r} = \cos(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) dt + t \sin(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) \left(- \frac{t}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}} dt \right) = \cos(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) dt - \frac{t^2 \sin(\sqrt{1 - t^2})}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}} dt$$
6. **Set up the integral:**
$$\int_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r} = \int_1^0 \left[ \cos(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) - \frac{t^2 \sin(\sqrt{1 - t^2})}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}} \right] dt$$
7. **Change the limits to integrate from 0 to 1:**
$$= - \int_0^1 \left[ \cos(\sqrt{1 - t^2}) - \frac{t^2 \sin(\sqrt{1 - t^2})}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}} \right] dt$$
8. **Substitute $$u = \sqrt{1 - t^2}$$:**
Then,
$$u = \sqrt{1 - t^2} \Rightarrow u^2 = 1 - t^2 \Rightarrow t^2 = 1 - u^2$$
Differentiating,
$$du = \frac{-t}{\sqrt{1 - t^2}} dt = -\frac{t}{u} dt \Rightarrow dt = -\frac{u}{t} du$$
9. **Rewrite the integral in terms of $$u$$:**
When $$t=0$$, $$u=1$$; when $$t=1$$, $$u=0$$.
The integral becomes:
$$- \int_0^1 \left[ \cos u - \frac{(1 - u^2) \sin u}{u} \right] dt$$
Replace $$dt$$:
$$dt = -\frac{u}{t} du$$ but since $$t = \sqrt{1 - u^2}$$,
$$dt = -\frac{u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} du$$
Substitute into the integral:
$$- \int_0^1 \left[ \cos u - \frac{(1 - u^2) \sin u}{u} \right] \left(-\frac{u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} du \right) = \int_0^1 \left[ \cos u - \frac{(1 - u^2) \sin u}{u} \right] \frac{u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} du$$
Simplify inside the integral:
$$= \int_0^1 \left[ \frac{u \cos u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} - \frac{(1 - u^2) \sin u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} \right] du = \int_0^1 \left[ \frac{u \cos u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} - \sqrt{1 - u^2} \sin u \right] du$$
10. **Evaluate the integral:**
Split the integral:
$$\int_0^1 \frac{u \cos u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} du - \int_0^1 \sqrt{1 - u^2} \sin u du$$
11. **Use integration by parts or numerical methods:**
This integral is nontrivial analytically, but the problem likely expects the integral form or numerical approximation.
**Final answer:**
$$\int_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r} = \int_0^1 \left[ \frac{u \cos u}{\sqrt{1 - u^2}} - \sqrt{1 - u^2} \sin u \right] du$$
This is the exact expression for the line integral along the given curve.