Cosine Sum
1. **State the problem:** We need to find the exact value of $\cos(\alpha + \beta)$ given that $\tan \alpha = \frac{12}{5}$ with $\alpha$ in quadrant III, and $\cos \beta = \frac{15}{17}$ with $\beta$ in quadrant IV.
2. **Recall the formula:** The cosine of a sum is given by
$$\cos(\alpha + \beta) = \cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta$$
3. **Find $\cos \alpha$ and $\sin \alpha$:** Since $\tan \alpha = \frac{12}{5}$ and $\alpha$ is in quadrant III, both sine and cosine are negative there.
- Use the identity $\tan \alpha = \frac{\sin \alpha}{\cos \alpha}$.
- Let $\cos \alpha = x$, then $\sin \alpha = 12k$, $\cos \alpha = 5k$ for some $k$.
- Using Pythagoras: $\sin^2 \alpha + \cos^2 \alpha = 1$ gives
$$ (12k)^2 + (5k)^2 = 1 \Rightarrow 144k^2 + 25k^2 = 1 \Rightarrow 169k^2 = 1 \Rightarrow k = \pm \frac{1}{13} $$
- Since $\alpha$ is in quadrant III, $\cos \alpha < 0$ and $\sin \alpha < 0$, so $k = -\frac{1}{13}$.
- Therefore,
$$ \cos \alpha = 5k = 5 \times -\frac{1}{13} = -\frac{5}{13} $$
$$ \sin \alpha = 12k = 12 \times -\frac{1}{13} = -\frac{12}{13} $$
4. **Find $\sin \beta$:** Given $\cos \beta = \frac{15}{17}$ and $\beta$ in quadrant IV, cosine is positive and sine is negative.
- Use Pythagoras: $\sin^2 \beta + \cos^2 \beta = 1$.
- So,
$$ \sin^2 \beta = 1 - \cos^2 \beta = 1 - \left(\frac{15}{17}\right)^2 = 1 - \frac{225}{289} = \frac{64}{289} $$
- Since $\beta$ is in quadrant IV, $\sin \beta < 0$, so
$$ \sin \beta = -\frac{8}{17} $$
5. **Calculate $\cos(\alpha + \beta)$:**
$$ \cos(\alpha + \beta) = \cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta = \left(-\frac{5}{13}\right) \left(\frac{15}{17}\right) - \left(-\frac{12}{13}\right) \left(-\frac{8}{17}\right) $$
6. **Simplify:**
$$ = -\frac{75}{221} - \frac{96}{221} = -\frac{75 + 96}{221} = -\frac{171}{221} $$
7. **Final answer:**
$$ \boxed{-\frac{171}{221}} $$