Cosine Equation C9E4D3
1. **Problem:** Find the values of $x$ such that $\cos(2x) = \cos(x)$ and $0 \leq x \leq 2\pi$.
2. **Formula and rules:** Use the cosine double-angle identity and the property that $\cos A = \cos B$ implies $A = B + 2k\pi$ or $A = -B + 2k\pi$ for any integer $k$.
3. **Step 1:** Recall the double-angle formula:
$$\cos(2x) = 2\cos^2(x) - 1$$
4. **Step 2:** Set the equation:
$$2\cos^2(x) - 1 = \cos(x)$$
5. **Step 3:** Rearrange to form a quadratic in $\cos(x)$:
$$2\cos^2(x) - \cos(x) - 1 = 0$$
6. **Step 4:** Let $y = \cos(x)$, then:
$$2y^2 - y - 1 = 0$$
7. **Step 5:** Solve the quadratic equation using the quadratic formula:
$$y = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{(-1)^2 - 4 \times 2 \times (-1)}}{2 \times 2} = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 8}}{4} = \frac{1 \pm 3}{4}$$
8. **Step 6:** Find the roots:
- $y = \frac{1 + 3}{4} = 1$
- $y = \frac{1 - 3}{4} = -\frac{1}{2}$
9. **Step 7:** Find $x$ values for each root within $0 \leq x \leq 2\pi$:
- For $\cos(x) = 1$, $x = 0$
- For $\cos(x) = -\frac{1}{2}$, $x = \frac{2\pi}{3}$ and $x = \frac{4\pi}{3}$
10. **Final answer:**
$$x = 0, \frac{2\pi}{3}, \frac{4\pi}{3}$$
These are the values of $x$ in the interval $[0, 2\pi]$ satisfying $\cos(2x) = \cos(x)$.