Cosine Equation 03Edea
1. **State the problem:** Solve the trigonometric equation $$5 \cos^2 x + 4 \cos x = 1$$ for $$0 \leq x \leq 2\pi$$.
2. **Rewrite the equation:** Move all terms to one side to set the equation to zero:
$$5 \cos^2 x + 4 \cos x - 1 = 0$$
3. **Substitute:** Let $$y = \cos x$$. The equation becomes a quadratic:
$$5y^2 + 4y - 1 = 0$$
4. **Solve the quadratic equation:** Use the quadratic formula:
$$y = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}$$
where $$a=5$$, $$b=4$$, and $$c=-1$$.
Calculate the discriminant:
$$\Delta = 4^2 - 4 \times 5 \times (-1) = 16 + 20 = 36$$
Calculate the roots:
$$y = \frac{-4 \pm \sqrt{36}}{2 \times 5} = \frac{-4 \pm 6}{10}$$
So,
- $$y_1 = \frac{-4 + 6}{10} = \frac{2}{10} = 0.2$$
- $$y_2 = \frac{-4 - 6}{10} = \frac{-10}{10} = -1$$
5. **Find $$x$$ values:** Recall $$y = \cos x$$.
- For $$\cos x = 0.2$$, $$x = \arccos(0.2)$$.
The solutions in $$[0, 2\pi]$$ are:
$$x = \arccos(0.2)$$ and $$x = 2\pi - \arccos(0.2)$$.
- For $$\cos x = -1$$, $$x = \pi$$.
6. **Final answers:**
$$x = \arccos(0.2), \quad x = 2\pi - \arccos(0.2), \quad x = \pi$$
These are the solutions to the equation in the interval $$0 \leq x \leq 2\pi$$.