Systematic Sampling
1. Systematic random sampling is a statistical method used to select a sample from a larger population.
2. It involves selecting every $k^{th}$ element from the population list, where $k$ is the sampling interval.
3. To find the sampling interval $k$, use the formula: $$k = \frac{N}{n}$$ where $N$ is the population size and $n$ is the desired sample size.
4. Start by randomly selecting a number $r$ between 1 and $k$ to determine the starting point.
5. Then select elements at intervals of $k$: $r$, $r+k$, $r+2k$, and so on.
6. This method ensures that the sample is spread evenly across the population and reduces bias.
7. It is commonly used when a population list is available and is ordered in a meaningful way.