1. The problem asks: What is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established system, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes? 2. This process is called **Data Collection**. 3. Data collection involves systematically gathering information to analyze and make decisions. 4. It is the first step in any research or statistical study to ensure accurate and relevant data. 5. Therefore, the answer to question 1 is **Data Collection**.