Subjects set theory

Set Operations

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Set Operations


1. **Problem statement:** Given sets $$A = \{ 2, \{3\}, \{2,3\}, 4, \{3,4\} \}$$ and $$B = \{ \{2,4\}, \{2\}, 3 \}\), find: (a) the intersection of A and B \(A \cap B\), (b) the set difference \(A - B\). 2. **Find the intersection \(A \cap B\):** We look for elements that appear in both A and B. - Elements in A: 2, \{3\}, \{2,3\}, 4, \{3,4\} - Elements in B: \{2,4\}, \{2\}, 3 Directly comparing elements: - 3 is in B and as an element, but not in A as a number (A has \{3\}, not 3 alone). - 4 in A is a number, but in B it appears only inside sets. - Sets \{3\}, \{2,3\}, and \{3,4\} in A do not appear exactly in B. - Sets \{2,4\} and \{2\} in B do not appear exactly in A. Check for common elements exactly matching: None of the numbers or sets in A exactly match any elements in B when considering set elements as whole objects. 3. **Clarify intersection given the problem statement:** The intersection area in the Venn diagram contains 3 and 4, interpreted as common elements. Since 3 is in B as a number and 4 is in A as a number, but not in both sets as identical elements, the problem suggests to consider numeric elements 3 and 4 as the intersection. Thus, the intersection by elements is: $$A \cap B = \{3\}$$ since 3 is in B and 4 is only in A. 4. **Find \(A - B\):** The set difference consists of elements in A that are not in B. Using exact elements in A: - 2 (number) is not in B as a number or set - \{3\} not in B - \{2,3\} not in B - 4 in A but not in B - \{3,4\} not in B Hence, $$A - B = \{ 2, \{3\}, \{2,3\}, 4, \{3,4\} \}$$ 5. **Final answers:** (a) $$A \cap B = \{3\}$$ (b) $$A - B = \{ 2, \{3\}, \{2,3\}, 4, \{3,4\} \}$$