Polonium Decay
1. **Problem Statement:** We are given the decay formula for polonium-210 (210 Po):
$$A(t) = 0.7 \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{t}{138.4}}$$
where $A(t)$ is the amount of 210 Po (in mg) remaining after $t$ years, starting from 0.7 mg.
2. **Understanding the formula:**
- The initial amount is 0.7 mg.
- The base $\frac{1}{2}$ represents the half-life decay factor.
- The exponent $\frac{t}{138.4}$ shows how many half-lives have passed, since the half-life of 210 Po is 138.4 years.
3. **Calculate the amount after $t=210$ years:**
Substitute $t=210$ into the formula:
$$A(210) = 0.7 \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{210}{138.4}}$$
4. **Evaluate the exponent:**
$$\frac{210}{138.4} \approx 1.517$$
5. **Calculate the decay factor:**
$$\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{1.517} = 2^{-1.517} = e^{-1.517 \ln 2}$$
Since $\ln 2 \approx 0.693$, then:
$$e^{-1.517 \times 0.693} = e^{-1.051} \approx 0.349$$
6. **Calculate the remaining amount:**
$$A(210) = 0.7 \times 0.349 = 0.2443 \text{ mg}$$
**Answer:** After 210 years, approximately 0.244 mg of 210 Po remains in the sample.