Parallel Resistors
1. **State the problem:** Given a circuit with total resistance $$R_T = 4\ \Omega$$, currents and resistances $$I_1 = 4\ A$$, $$R_1 = 10\ \Omega$$, $$R_2 = 20\ \Omega$$, and unknown $$R_3$$, find:
a. $$R_3$$
b. Voltage source $$E$$
c. Source current $$I_s$$
d. Current $$I_2$$ through $$R_2$$
e. Power $$P_2$$ dissipated in $$R_2$$
2. **Find $$R_3$$:**
Since resistors $$R_1$$, $$R_2$$, and $$R_3$$ are in parallel and combined they give total resistance $$R_T$$,
$$\frac{1}{R_T} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \frac{1}{R_3}$$
Plug in values:
$$\frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{20} + \frac{1}{R_3}$$
Calculate the sum of known reciprocals:
$$\frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{20} = \frac{2}{20} + \frac{1}{20} = \frac{3}{20} = 0.15$$
So,
$$\frac{1}{4} = 0.25 = 0.15 + \frac{1}{R_3}$$
$$\frac{1}{R_3} = 0.25 - 0.15 = 0.1$$
Therefore,
$$R_3 = \frac{1}{0.1} = 10\ \Omega$$
3. **Calculate $$E$$:**
Voltage $$E$$ across the parallel resistors is the same for each branch.
Voltage across $$R_1$$ (using Ohm's law) is:
$$E = I_1 \times R_1 = 4 \times 10 = 40\ V$$
4. **Find source current $$I_s$$:**
Source current $$I_s$$ is the sum of currents through all three resistors:
Find $$I_2$$ and $$I_3$$ first.
Current through $$R_2$$:
$$I_2 = \frac{E}{R_2} = \frac{40}{20} = 2\ A$$
Current through $$R_3$$:
$$I_3 = \frac{E}{R_3} = \frac{40}{10} = 4\ A$$
So,
$$I_s = I_1 + I_2 + I_3 = 4 + 2 + 4 = 10\ A$$
5. **Determine $$P_2$$:**
Power dissipated in $$R_2$$ is given by
$$P_2 = I_2^2 \times R_2 = 2^2 \times 20 = 4 \times 20 = 80\ W$$
**Final answers:**
$$R_3 = 10\ \Omega$$
$$E = 40\ V$$
$$I_s = 10\ A$$
$$I_2 = 2\ A$$
$$P_2 = 80\ W$$