1. **State the problem:** We need to find the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 40 grams of gold from 22°C to 85°C. 2. **Formula used:** The heat energy $Q$ required to change the temperature of a substance is given by: $$Q = mc\Delta T$$ where: - $m$ is the mass of the substance (in grams), - $c$ is the specific heat capacity (in J/(g°C)), - $\Delta T$ is the change in temperature (in °C). 3. **Calculate the temperature change:** $$\Delta T = T_{final} - T_{initial} = 85 - 22 = 63\,°C$$ 4. **Substitute the values:** $$Q = 40 \times 0.129 \times 63$$ 5. **Calculate the heat energy:** $$Q = 40 \times 0.129 \times 63 = 325.08\, \text{J}$$ 6. **Interpretation:** It takes 325.08 joules of heat energy to raise the temperature of 40 grams of gold from 22°C to 85°C.