1. The problem is to find the missing number represented by $??$ in the given sequence of numbers arranged in rows. 2. We observe the sequence row-wise and column-wise to detect any pattern or rule. 3. The sequence is: 53 16 30 94 88 24 39 96 13 82 28 97 22 22 77 38 16 44 67 11 24 70 45 31 69 17 60 98 66 84 38 96 77 22 82 59 40 56 65 71 71 87 22 78 94 51 37 01 12 05 65 17 25 94 44 20 50 70 25 51 31 29 18 24 03 99 15 88 46 44 77 63 99 31 28 58 32 08 22 34 18 55 70 17 49 03 27 95 37 01 87 16 83 77 39 98 50 93 47 72 39 16 24 79 13 49 27 01 53 71 97 10 06 54 48 31 ?? 4. We check if the missing number is in the last row, last column. 5. We look for patterns such as sums, differences, or repetitions in columns or rows. 6. Checking the last column values: 39, 22, 24, 98, 82, 87, 12, 20, 18, 44, 32, 17, 87, 93, 13, 10, ?? 7. No obvious arithmetic progression or pattern emerges. 8. Checking the last row: 06 54 48 31 ?? 9. The last row has 5 numbers, while others have 7, indicating the missing number is the 5th element in the last row. 10. We check the 5th column values: 88, 97, 67, 17, 77, 71, 37, 94, 31, 88, 28, 55, 37, 98, 24, 71, ?? 11. No clear pattern in the 5th column either. 12. Since no arithmetic or positional pattern is clear, the missing number cannot be determined from the given data. 13. Therefore, the answer is indeterminate with the provided information.