Pde Separation Ffc519
1. **Problem statement:** Solve the PDE $$\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial t^2} = \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2} + \sin(2x + 2t)$$ with boundary conditions $$u(0,t) = 0, \quad u(\pi,t) = 1$$ and initial conditions $$u(x,0) = \alpha(x), \quad u_t(x,0) = \beta(x).$$
2. **Method:** Use separation of variables and superposition. Write $$u(x,t) = v(x,t) + w(x,t)$$ where $$v$$ solves the homogeneous PDE $$v_{tt} = v_{xx}$$ with boundary conditions $$v(0,t) = 0, v(\pi,t) = 0,$$ and $$w$$ is a particular solution to the nonhomogeneous PDE.
3. **Step 1: Solve for the particular solution $$w$$.** Assume $$w(x,t) = A \cos(2x + 2t) + B \sin(2x + 2t)$$. Compute derivatives:
$$w_{tt} = -4A \cos(2x + 2t) - 4B \sin(2x + 2t),$$
$$w_{xx} = -4A \cos(2x + 2t) - 4B \sin(2x + 2t).$$
Substitute into PDE:
$$w_{tt} = w_{xx} + \sin(2x + 2t) \implies -4A \cos(2x + 2t) - 4B \sin(2x + 2t) = -4A \cos(2x + 2t) - 4B \sin(2x + 2t) + \sin(2x + 2t).$$
Simplify:
$$0 = \sin(2x + 2t) \implies$$ no solution with this form. Try instead $$w(x,t) = C t \cos(2x + 2t) + D t \sin(2x + 2t)$$ or use variation of parameters.
4. **Step 2: Solve the homogeneous problem for $$v$$.** Use separation of variables:
Assume $$v(x,t) = X(x)T(t)$$.
Then $$X'' + \lambda X = 0$$ with $$X(0) = 0, X(\pi) = 0$$, so $$X_n = \sin(nx), \lambda_n = n^2$$.
The time equation is $$T'' + n^2 T = 0$$ with general solution $$T_n = A_n \cos(nt) + B_n \sin(nt).$$
5. **Step 3: Write the general solution:**
$$v(x,t) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty \left(A_n \cos(nt) + B_n \sin(nt)\right) \sin(nx).$$
6. **Step 4: Apply initial conditions to find coefficients:**
$$u(x,0) = v(x,0) + w(x,0) = \alpha(x),$$
$$u_t(x,0) = v_t(x,0) + w_t(x,0) = \beta(x).$$
Use Fourier sine series to find $$A_n, B_n$$.
7. **Step 5: Adjust for boundary condition $$u(\pi,t) = 1$$:**
Since $$v(\pi,t) = 0$$, the nonhomogeneous boundary condition implies $$w(\pi,t) = 1$$.
Choose $$w(x,t) = \frac{x}{\pi} + \tilde{w}(x,t)$$ where $$\tilde{w}$$ satisfies the PDE with homogeneous BCs.
**Summary:** The solution is
$$u(x,t) = \frac{x}{\pi} + \sum_{n=1}^\infty \left(A_n \cos(nt) + B_n \sin(nt)\right) \sin(nx) + w_p(x,t),$$
where $$w_p$$ is a particular solution to the PDE with zero BCs.
This approach uses separation of variables and superposition to handle the nonhomogeneous PDE and boundary conditions.
**Note:** The second PDE and its BCs/ICs are not solved here as per instructions to solve only the first problem.