Subjects logic

All Birds Fly A0557E

Step-by-step solutions with LaTeX - clean, fast, and student-friendly.

Search Solutions

All Birds Fly A0557E


1. The problem is to represent the statement "All birds can fly" using logical quantifiers and predicates. 2. The predicates are: - $Bird(x)$: $x$ is a bird. - $Fly(x)$: $x$ can fly. 3. The statement "All birds can fly" means for every object $x$, if $x$ is a bird, then $x$ can fly. 4. This is expressed using the universal quantifier $\forall$ and implication $\to$ as: $$\forall x (Bird(x) \to Fly(x))$$ 5. Let's analyze the options: - A) $\exists x (Bird(x) \to Fly(x))$: There exists some $x$ such that if $x$ is a bird then $x$ can fly. This is weaker than the original statement. - B) $\forall x (Bird(x) \to Fly(x))$: For all $x$, if $x$ is a bird then $x$ can fly. This matches the original statement. - C) $\exists x (Bird(x) \wedge Fly(x))$: There exists some $x$ that is a bird and can fly. This only says some bird can fly, not all. - D) $\forall x (Bird(x) \wedge Fly(x))$: For all $x$, $x$ is a bird and $x$ can fly. This means everything is a bird that can fly, which is too strong. 6. Therefore, the correct representation is option B. Final answer: B) $\forall x (Bird(x) \to Fly(x))$