1. **Statement of the Problem:** In our community, traffic congestion occurs frequently at several intersections during peak hours, causing delays and increased pollution. 2. **Proposed Solution Using Graph Theory:** We can model the road network as a graph where intersections are vertices (nodes) and roads connecting them are edges. 3. **Graph Theory Concepts Used:** - **Vertices (Nodes):** Represent intersections. - **Edges:** Represent roads connecting intersections. - **Weights:** Assign weights to edges based on traffic volume or travel time. 4. **Approach:** - Use shortest path algorithms (like Dijkstra's algorithm) to find the quickest routes. - Identify critical intersections (nodes with high degree) that cause bottlenecks. - Propose alternate routes or traffic light adjustments to optimize flow. 5. **Benefits:** - Reduces congestion by optimizing traffic flow. - Helps city planners make data-driven decisions. This real-life problem demonstrates how graph theory helps analyze and improve complex networks such as traffic systems.