Triangle Constructions
1. Problem: Construct triangle ABC with AB = 5 cm, angle ABC = 75°, and circumradius = 3.5 cm using ruler and compass.
Step 1: Draw segment AB = 5 cm.
Step 2: At point B, construct angle ABC = 75° using compass and ruler.
Step 3: The circumradius is 3.5 cm, so draw a circle with radius 3.5 cm centered at the circumcenter O (to be found).
Step 4: The circumcenter lies on the perpendicular bisector of AB. Construct the perpendicular bisector of AB.
Step 5: The point C lies on the ray from B forming 75° and on the circle of radius 3.5 cm centered at O.
Step 6: Find O on the perpendicular bisector such that distance OA = OB = OC = 3.5 cm.
Step 7: Mark point C on the 75° ray at distance OC = 3.5 cm from O.
2. Problem: Construct triangle ABC with BC = 6.4 cm, CA = 5.8 cm, angle ABC = 60°, draw incircle, measure radius.
Step 1: Draw segment BC = 6.4 cm.
Step 2: At B, construct angle ABC = 60°.
Step 3: From C, draw arc with radius 5.8 cm to intersect the 60° ray from B; mark intersection as A.
Step 4: Construct angle bisectors of triangle ABC.
Step 5: The incenter I is the intersection of angle bisectors.
Step 6: Draw incircle centered at I tangent to all sides.
Step 7: Measure radius of incircle (distance from I to any side).
3. Problem: (i) Construct triangle ABC with AB = 4 cm, BC = 6 cm, angle ABC = 90°.
Step 1: Draw segment BC = 6 cm.
Step 2: At B, construct a 90° angle.
Step 3: From B, draw arc radius 4 cm intersecting 90° ray; mark as A.
(ii) Construct circle through A, B, C and mark center O.
Step 4: Construct perpendicular bisectors of AB and BC.
Step 5: Their intersection is circumcenter O.
Step 6: Draw circle centered at O passing through A, B, C.
4. Problem: Construct triangle ABC with BC = 6 cm, AB = 5.5 cm, angle ABC = 120°.
Step 1: Draw BC = 6 cm.
Step 2: At B, construct 120° angle.
Step 3: From B, draw arc radius 5.5 cm intersecting 120° ray; mark as A.
(i) Construct circumscribing circle.
Step 4: Construct perpendicular bisectors of AB and BC.
Step 5: Intersection is circumcenter O.
Step 6: Draw circle centered at O passing through A, B, C.
(ii) Draw cyclic quadrilateral ABCD with D equidistant from B and C.
Step 7: Draw circle through A, B, C.
Step 8: Find point D on circle such that DB = DC (D lies on perpendicular bisector of BC).
5. Problem: Construct triangle ABC with BC = 6.5 cm, AB = 5.5 cm, AC = 5 cm, construct incircle, measure radius.
Step 1: Draw BC = 6.5 cm.
Step 2: From B, draw arc radius 5.5 cm.
Step 3: From C, draw arc radius 5 cm; intersection is A.
Step 4: Construct angle bisectors; their intersection is incenter I.
Step 5: Draw incircle centered at I tangent to sides.
Step 6: Measure radius of incircle.
Final answers: All constructions follow ruler and compass methods as described.