Fourier Transforms
1. We are asked to find the Fourier cosine and sine transforms of the function $f(x) = e^{-kx}$ with $k > 0$ and $x > 0$.
2. The Fourier cosine transform $F_c(w)$ is defined as:
$$F_c(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \int_0^{\infty} f(x) \cos(wx) \, dx$$
Substitute $f(x) = e^{-kx}$:
$$F_c(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \int_0^{\infty} e^{-kx} \cos(wx) \, dx$$
3. Using the integral formula:
$$\int_0^{\infty} e^{-ax} \cos(bx) \, dx = \frac{a}{a^2 + b^2}, \quad a > 0$$
we get:
$$F_c(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \frac{k}{k^2 + w^2}$$
4. The Fourier sine transform $F_s(w)$ is defined as:
$$F_s(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \int_0^{\infty} f(x) \sin(wx) \, dx$$
Substitute $f(x) = e^{-kx}$:
$$F_s(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \int_0^{\infty} e^{-kx} \sin(wx) \, dx$$
5. Using the integral formula:
$$\int_0^{\infty} e^{-ax} \sin(bx) \, dx = \frac{b}{a^2 + b^2}, \quad a > 0$$
we get:
$$F_s(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \frac{w}{k^2 + w^2}$$
**Final answers:**
$$F_c(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \frac{k}{k^2 + w^2}$$
$$F_s(w) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}} \frac{w}{k^2 + w^2}$$