Ode Linear
1. **Stating the problem:** Solve the first-order linear differential equation $$y' = 2ty + 3y - 4t - 6$$ for the function $y(t)$.
2. **Rewrite the equation:** Combine like terms on the right-hand side:
$$y' = (2t + 3)y - 4t - 6$$
3. **Identify the form:** This is a linear ODE of the form $$y' + P(t)y = Q(t)$$ where $$P(t) = -(2t + 3)$$ and $$Q(t) = -4t - 6$$ but to match the standard form, rewrite as:
$$y' - (2t + 3)y = -4t - 6$$
4. **Find the integrating factor (IF):**
$$\mu(t) = e^{\int - (2t + 3) dt} = e^{-t^{2} - 3t}$$
5. **Multiply both sides of the ODE by the integrating factor:**
$$e^{-t^{2} - 3t} y' - (2t + 3)e^{-t^{2} - 3t} y = (-4t - 6)e^{-t^{2} - 3t}$$
This simplifies the left side to the derivative of the product:
$$\frac{d}{dt} \left(e^{-t^{2} - 3t} y \right) = (-4t - 6)e^{-t^{2} - 3t}$$
6. **Integrate both sides with respect to $t$:**
$$e^{-t^{2} - 3t} y = \int (-4t - 6)e^{-t^{2} - 3t} dt + C$$
7. **Simplify the integral:** Use substitution.
Let $$u = t^{2} + 3t$$ then:
$$du = (2t + 3) dt$$
Rewrite the integral:
$$\int (-4t - 6) e^{-u} dt = \int -2(2t + 3) e^{-u} dt$$
From $$du = (2t + 3) dt$$, get
$$dt = \frac{du}{2t + 3}$$
Then integral becomes:
$$-2 \int (2t + 3) e^{-u} \frac{du}{2t + 3} = -2 \int e^{-u} du = -2 \int e^{-u} du$$
8. **Evaluate the integral:**
$$-2 \int e^{-u} du = -2 (-e^{-u}) + C_1 = 2 e^{-u} + C_1$$
9. **Substitute back $u = t^{2} + 3t$:**
$$e^{-t^{2} - 3t} y = 2 e^{-t^{2} - 3t} + C$$
10. **Multiply both sides by $e^{t^{2} + 3t}$ to solve for $y$:**
$$y = 2 + C e^{t^{2} + 3t}$$
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{y(t) = 2 + C e^{t^{2} + 3t}}$$ where $C$ is an arbitrary constant determined by initial conditions if given.