Nonlinear Ode
1. **Stating the problem:** We need to solve the differential equation $$y y'' = 2(y')^2 - 2 y'$$ where $y' = \frac{dy}{dx}$ and $y'' = \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$.
2. **Rewrite the equation:** Let $p = y' = \frac{dy}{dx}$. Then $y'' = \frac{dp}{dx} = \frac{dp}{dy} \frac{dy}{dx} = p \frac{dp}{dy}$ by chain rule.
3. **Substitute into the equation:**
$$y y'' = y p \frac{dp}{dy} = 2 p^2 - 2 p$$
This gives:
$$y p \frac{dp}{dy} = 2 p^2 - 2 p$$
4. **Simplify and separate variables:**
Divide both sides by $p$ (assuming $p \neq 0$):
$$y \frac{dp}{dy} = 2 p - 2$$
Rewrite as
$$y \frac{dp}{dy} - 2 p = -2$$
5. **Solve the linear differential equation in $p(y)$:**
It's a first order linear ODE:
$$\frac{dp}{dy} - \frac{2}{y} p = - \frac{2}{y}$$
6. **Find integrating factor:**
$$\mu(y) = e^{-\int \frac{2}{y} dy} = e^{-2 \ln y} = y^{-2}$$
7. **Multiply both sides by integrating factor:**
$$y^{-2} \frac{dp}{dy} - \frac{2}{y^{3}} p = - \frac{2}{y^{3}}$$
Which can be written as
$$\frac{d}{dy} (p y^{-2}) = - \frac{2}{y^{3}}$$
8. **Integrate both sides:**
$$p y^{-2} = \int -2 y^{-3} dy + C = -2 \left(-\frac{1}{2 y^{2}} \right) + C = \frac{1}{y^{2}} + C$$
9. **Solve for $p$:**
$$p = y^{2} \left( \frac{1}{y^{2}} + C \right) = 1 + C y^{2}$$
Recall $p = \frac{dy}{dx}$ so:
$$\frac{dy}{dx} = 1 + C y^{2}$$
10. **Separate variables and integrate:**
$$\frac{dy}{1 + C y^{2}} = dx$$
Case 1: $C = 0$
$$\int dy = \int dx$$
$$y = x + D$$
Case 2: $C \neq 0$
Use integral formula:
$$\int \frac{dy}{1 + a y^{2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{a}} \arctan( y \sqrt{a}) + K$$
So,
$$x + E = \frac{1}{\sqrt{C}} \arctan( y \sqrt{C})$$
or
$$y = \frac{1}{\sqrt{C}} \tan\left(\sqrt{C} (x + E)\right)$$
11. **Final solution:**
$$y = x + D \quad \text{or} \quad y = \frac{1}{\sqrt{C}} \tan\left(\sqrt{C} (x + E)\right)$$ where $C, D, E$ are constants.