Complex Cube Division F1F48E
1. **Problem 1:** Compute $$\frac{z_1^3 + z_2^3 + z_3^3}{z_1 z_2 z_3}$$ where $$z_1 = 1 + i\sqrt{3}, z_2 = \sqrt{3} - i, z_3 = -1 + i$$.
2. **Step 1:** Calculate each cube.
- $$z_1^3 = (1 + i\sqrt{3})^3$$.
Use binomial expansion or De Moivre's theorem. Note that $$1 + i\sqrt{3} = 2(\cos 60^\circ + i \sin 60^\circ)$$.
So,
$$z_1^3 = 2^3 (\cos 180^\circ + i \sin 180^\circ) = 8(-1 + 0i) = -8$$.
3. **Step 2:** Calculate $$z_2^3$$.
Similarly, $$z_2 = \sqrt{3} - i = 2(\cos(-30^\circ) + i \sin(-30^\circ))$$.
Then,
$$z_2^3 = 2^3 (\cos(-90^\circ) + i \sin(-90^\circ)) = 8(0 - i) = -8i$$.
4. **Step 3:** Calculate $$z_3^3$$.
$$z_3 = -1 + i = \sqrt{2}(\cos 135^\circ + i \sin 135^\circ)$$.
Then,
$$z_3^3 = (\sqrt{2})^3 (\cos 405^\circ + i \sin 405^\circ) = 2\sqrt{2} (\cos 45^\circ + i \sin 45^\circ) = 2\sqrt{2} \left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} + i \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) = 2 + 2i$$.
5. **Step 4:** Sum the cubes.
$$z_1^3 + z_2^3 + z_3^3 = -8 + (-8i) + (2 + 2i) = (-8 + 2) + (-8i + 2i) = -6 - 6i$$.
6. **Step 5:** Calculate the product $$z_1 z_2 z_3$$.
Calculate stepwise:
$$z_1 z_2 = (1 + i\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{3} - i) = \sqrt{3} + i3 - i - i^2 \sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3} + 3i - i + \sqrt{3} = 2\sqrt{3} + 2i$$.
Then,
$$(z_1 z_2) z_3 = (2\sqrt{3} + 2i)(-1 + i) = -2\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{3}i - 2i + 2i^2 = -2\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{3}i - 2i - 2 = (-2\sqrt{3} - 2) + (2\sqrt{3} - 2)i$$.
7. **Step 6:** Divide numerator by denominator:
$$\frac{-6 - 6i}{(-2\sqrt{3} - 2) + (2\sqrt{3} - 2)i}$$.
Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate of denominator:
$$\frac{(-6 - 6i)((-2\sqrt{3} - 2) - (2\sqrt{3} - 2)i)}{((-2\sqrt{3} - 2) + (2\sqrt{3} - 2)i)((-2\sqrt{3} - 2) - (2\sqrt{3} - 2)i)}$$.
8. **Step 7:** Calculate denominator:
$$a = -2\sqrt{3} - 2, b = 2\sqrt{3} - 2$$
$$a^2 + b^2 = (-2\sqrt{3} - 2)^2 + (2\sqrt{3} - 2)^2 = (4 \times 3 + 8\sqrt{3} + 4) + (4 \times 3 - 8\sqrt{3} + 4) = (12 + 8\sqrt{3} + 4) + (12 - 8\sqrt{3} + 4) = 16 + 16 + 0 = 32$$.
9. **Step 8:** Calculate numerator:
Expand:
$$(-6)(-2\sqrt{3} - 2) + (-6)(-(2\sqrt{3} - 2)i) + (-6i)(-2\sqrt{3} - 2) + (-6i)(-(2\sqrt{3} - 2)i)$$
Simplify each term:
- $$(-6)(-2\sqrt{3} - 2) = 12\sqrt{3} + 12$$
- $$(-6)(-(2\sqrt{3} - 2)i) = 12\sqrt{3}i - 12i$$
- $$(-6i)(-2\sqrt{3} - 2) = 12\sqrt{3}i + 12i$$
- $$(-6i)(-(2\sqrt{3} - 2)i) = -6i \times - (2\sqrt{3} - 2)i = -6i \times -i (2\sqrt{3} - 2) = -6(-1)(2\sqrt{3} - 2) = 6(2\sqrt{3} - 2) = 12\sqrt{3} - 12$$
Sum real parts:
$$12 + 12\sqrt{3} + 12\sqrt{3} - 12 = (12 - 12) + (12\sqrt{3} + 12\sqrt{3}) = 0 + 24\sqrt{3} = 24\sqrt{3}$$
Sum imaginary parts:
$$(12\sqrt{3}i - 12i + 12\sqrt{3}i + 12i) = (12\sqrt{3}i + 12\sqrt{3}i) + (-12i + 12i) = 24\sqrt{3}i + 0 = 24\sqrt{3}i$$
10. **Step 9:** Final division:
$$\frac{24\sqrt{3} + 24\sqrt{3}i}{32} = \frac{24\sqrt{3}}{32} + \frac{24\sqrt{3}}{32}i = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4} + \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}i$$.
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**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4} + \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}i}$$