Complex Power
1. **State the problem:** We are given a complex number $z$ with modulus $8$ and argument $\frac{2\pi}{3}$. We need to find $z^{1/z}$ in Cartesian form.
2. **Express $z$ in polar form:**
$$z = 8 \left(\cos \frac{2\pi}{3} + i \sin \frac{2\pi}{3}\right)$$
3. **Write $z$ in exponential form:**
$$z = 8 e^{i \frac{2\pi}{3}}$$
4. **Calculate $1/z$:**
$$\frac{1}{z} = \frac{1}{8 e^{i \frac{2\pi}{3}}} = \frac{1}{8} e^{-i \frac{2\pi}{3}}$$
5. **Calculate $z^{1/z}$:**
$$z^{1/z} = \left(8 e^{i \frac{2\pi}{3}}\right)^{\frac{1}{8} e^{-i \frac{2\pi}{3}}} = e^{\frac{1}{8} e^{-i \frac{2\pi}{3}} \ln \left(8 e^{i \frac{2\pi}{3}}\right)}$$
6. **Simplify the logarithm:**
$$\ln \left(8 e^{i \frac{2\pi}{3}}\right) = \ln 8 + i \frac{2\pi}{3}$$
7. **Substitute back:**
$$z^{1/z} = e^{\frac{1}{8} e^{-i \frac{2\pi}{3}} (\ln 8 + i \frac{2\pi}{3})}$$
8. **Calculate $e^{-i \frac{2\pi}{3}}$:**
$$e^{-i \frac{2\pi}{3}} = \cos \left(-\frac{2\pi}{3}\right) + i \sin \left(-\frac{2\pi}{3}\right) = \cos \frac{2\pi}{3} - i \sin \frac{2\pi}{3} = -\frac{1}{2} - i \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$
9. **Multiply:**
$$\left(-\frac{1}{2} - i \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) (\ln 8 + i \frac{2\pi}{3}) = -\frac{1}{2} \ln 8 - \frac{1}{2} i \frac{2\pi}{3} - i \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \ln 8 - i^2 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \frac{2\pi}{3}$$
10. **Simplify $i^2 = -1$:**
$$= -\frac{1}{2} \ln 8 - i \frac{\pi}{3} - i \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \ln 8 + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{3}$$
11. **Group real and imaginary parts:**
Real part:
$$-\frac{1}{2} \ln 8 + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{3}$$
Imaginary part:
$$- \frac{\pi}{3} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \ln 8$$
12. **Multiply by $\frac{1}{8}$:**
Real:
$$\frac{1}{8} \left(-\frac{1}{2} \ln 8 + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{3}\right) = -\frac{\ln 8}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{24}$$
Imaginary:
$$\frac{1}{8} \left(- \frac{\pi}{3} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \ln 8\right) = -\frac{\pi}{24} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \ln 8}{16}$$
13. **Rewrite exponent:**
$$z^{1/z} = e^{\left(-\frac{\ln 8}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{24}\right) + i \left(-\frac{\pi}{24} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \ln 8}{16}\right)}$$
14. **Convert to Cartesian form:**
$$z^{1/z} = e^{-\frac{\ln 8}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{24}} \left[\cos \left(-\frac{\pi}{24} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \ln 8}{16}\right) + i \sin \left(-\frac{\pi}{24} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \ln 8}{16}\right)\right]$$
15. **Final answer:**
$$\boxed{z^{1/z} = e^{-\frac{\ln 8}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \pi}{24}} \left[\cos \left(-\frac{\pi}{24} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \ln 8}{16}\right) + i \sin \left(-\frac{\pi}{24} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \ln 8}{16}\right)\right]}$$
This is the Cartesian form expressed as $a + bi$ where $a$ and $b$ are the cosine and sine terms multiplied by the exponential factor.