1. The problem is to understand whether a given selection or arrangement is a permutation or a combination. 2. Permutations refer to arrangements where order matters. For example, arranging books on a shelf. 3. Combinations refer to selections where order does not matter. For example, selecting members for a team. 4. To decide, ask: Does changing the order create a different outcome? - If yes, it's a permutation. - If no, it's a combination. 5. Example: Choosing 3 students out of 5 to form a team is a combination. 6. Example: Arranging 3 students out of 5 to sit in a row is a permutation. Final answer: Use the above criteria to classify selection types as permutation or combination.