Volume Shell 11 07D7B1
1. **State the problem:**
Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by the curves $y=2x-1$, $y=\sqrt{x}$, and $x=0$ about the y-axis using the shell method.
2. **Recall the shell method formula:**
The volume $V$ when revolving around the y-axis is given by:
$$V = 2\pi \int_a^b (\text{radius})(\text{height}) \, dx$$
where:
- radius = distance from the y-axis = $x$
- height = difference between the top and bottom functions in terms of $x$
3. **Identify the bounds and functions:**
- The region is bounded by $y=2x-1$ and $y=\sqrt{x}$.
- Find intersection points to determine limits $a$ and $b$:
Set $2x-1 = \sqrt{x}$.
4. **Solve for intersection:**
$$2x - 1 = \sqrt{x}$$
Square both sides:
$$ (2x - 1)^2 = x $$
$$4x^2 - 4x + 1 = x$$
$$4x^2 - 5x + 1 = 0$$
Use quadratic formula:
$$x = \frac{5 \pm \sqrt{25 - 16}}{8} = \frac{5 \pm 3}{8}$$
So,
$$x=1$$ or $$x=\frac{1}{4}$$
5. **Determine which function is on top between $x=\frac{1}{4}$ and $x=1$:**
At $x=0.5$, $2(0.5)-1=0$, $\sqrt{0.5} \approx 0.707$, so $y=\sqrt{x}$ is on top.
At $x=0.9$, $2(0.9)-1=0.8$, $\sqrt{0.9} \approx 0.95$, so $\sqrt{x}$ is still on top.
6. **Set up the integral:**
Height = top - bottom = $\sqrt{x} - (2x -1) = \sqrt{x} - 2x + 1$
Bounds: $a=\frac{1}{4}$, $b=1$
7. **Write the volume integral:**
$$V = 2\pi \int_{1/4}^1 x \left(\sqrt{x} - 2x + 1\right) dx$$
8. **Simplify the integrand:**
$$x \sqrt{x} = x^{3/2}$$
So integrand:
$$x^{3/2} - 2x^2 + x$$
9. **Integrate term-by-term:**
$$\int x^{3/2} dx = \frac{2}{5} x^{5/2}$$
$$\int x^2 dx = \frac{x^3}{3}$$
$$\int x dx = \frac{x^2}{2}$$
10. **Evaluate the definite integral:**
$$\int_{1/4}^1 \left(x^{3/2} - 2x^2 + x\right) dx = \left[ \frac{2}{5} x^{5/2} - 2 \cdot \frac{x^3}{3} + \frac{x^2}{2} \right]_{1/4}^1$$
Calculate at $x=1$:
$$\frac{2}{5} (1)^{5/2} - \frac{2}{3} (1)^3 + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{2}{5} - \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{2}$$
Common denominator 30:
$$\frac{12}{30} - \frac{20}{30} + \frac{15}{30} = \frac{7}{30}$$
Calculate at $x=\frac{1}{4}$:
$$\frac{2}{5} \left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^{5/2} - \frac{2}{3} \left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^3 + \frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2$$
Calculate powers:
$$\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^{5/2} = \left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^{1/2} = \frac{1}{16} \cdot \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{32}$$
$$\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^3 = \frac{1}{64}$$
$$\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{16}$$
Substitute:
$$\frac{2}{5} \cdot \frac{1}{32} - \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{64} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{16} = \frac{2}{160} - \frac{2}{192} + \frac{1}{32} = \frac{1}{80} - \frac{1}{96} + \frac{1}{32}$$
Common denominator 480:
$$\frac{6}{480} - \frac{5}{480} + \frac{15}{480} = \frac{16}{480} = \frac{1}{30}$$
11. **Subtract:**
$$\frac{7}{30} - \frac{1}{30} = \frac{6}{30} = \frac{1}{5}$$
12. **Multiply by $2\pi$ to get volume:**
$$V = 2\pi \cdot \frac{1}{5} = \frac{2\pi}{5}$$
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{\frac{2\pi}{5}}$$