Tetrahedron Volume
1. **State the problem:** Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the coordinate planes $x=0$, $y=0$, $z=0$ and the plane $3x + 6y + 4z - 12 = 0$ using double integration.
2. **Rewrite the plane equation:** Solve for $z$ in terms of $x$ and $y$:
$$3x + 6y + 4z = 12 \implies 4z = 12 - 3x - 6y \implies z = \frac{12 - 3x - 6y}{4} = 3 - \frac{3}{4}x - \frac{3}{2}y$$
3. **Determine the projection region in the $xy$-plane:** Since $z \geq 0$, we have
$$3 - \frac{3}{4}x - \frac{3}{2}y \geq 0 \implies \frac{3}{4}x + \frac{3}{2}y \leq 3$$
Divide both sides by 3:
$$\frac{x}{4} + \frac{y}{2} \leq 1$$
4. **Set up the double integral for volume:**
Volume $V = \iint_R z \, dA = \iint_R \left(3 - \frac{3}{4}x - \frac{3}{2}y\right) \, dx \, dy$
5. **Describe the region $R$:**
$$0 \leq x \leq 4(1 - \frac{y}{2}) = 4 - 2y$$
$$0 \leq y \leq 2$$
6. **Write the integral explicitly:**
$$V = \int_0^2 \int_0^{4 - 2y} \left(3 - \frac{3}{4}x - \frac{3}{2}y\right) dx \, dy$$
7. **Integrate with respect to $x$:**
$$\int_0^{4 - 2y} \left(3 - \frac{3}{4}x - \frac{3}{2}y\right) dx = \left[3x - \frac{3}{8}x^2 - \frac{3}{2}yx\right]_0^{4 - 2y}$$
Substitute $x = 4 - 2y$:
$$3(4 - 2y) - \frac{3}{8}(4 - 2y)^2 - \frac{3}{2}y(4 - 2y)$$
8. **Simplify the expression:**
Calculate each term:
- $3(4 - 2y) = 12 - 6y$
- $(4 - 2y)^2 = 16 - 16y + 4y^2$
- $\frac{3}{8}(16 - 16y + 4y^2) = 6 - 6y + \frac{3}{2}y^2$
- $\frac{3}{2}y(4 - 2y) = 6y - 3y^2$
Putting it all together:
$$12 - 6y - (6 - 6y + \frac{3}{2}y^2) - (6y - 3y^2) = 12 - 6y - 6 + 6y - \frac{3}{2}y^2 - 6y + 3y^2$$
Simplify:
$$= (12 - 6) + (-6y + 6y - 6y) + (-\frac{3}{2}y^2 + 3y^2) = 6 - 6y + \frac{3}{2}y^2$$
9. **Integrate with respect to $y$:**
$$V = \int_0^2 \left(6 - 6y + \frac{3}{2}y^2\right) dy = \left[6y - 3y^2 + \frac{1}{2}y^3\right]_0^2$$
10. **Evaluate the definite integral:**
$$6(2) - 3(2)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(2)^3 = 12 - 12 + 4 = 4$$
**Final answer:** The volume of the tetrahedron is $4$ (rounded to a whole number).