Second Partial Derivatives
1. **State the problem:** Find the second order partial derivatives of the function $$f(x,y) = \frac{x - y}{x^2 - y^2}$$ with respect to $x$ and $y$.
2. **Simplify the function:** Note that the denominator can be factored as a difference of squares:
$$x^2 - y^2 = (x - y)(x + y)$$
So,
$$f(x,y) = \frac{x - y}{(x - y)(x + y)} = \frac{1}{x + y}, \quad x \neq y$$
3. **Find the first order partial derivatives:**
- Partial derivative with respect to $x$:
$$f_x = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left( \frac{1}{x + y} \right) = -\frac{1}{(x + y)^2}$$
- Partial derivative with respect to $y$:
$$f_y = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} \left( \frac{1}{x + y} \right) = -\frac{1}{(x + y)^2}$$
4. **Find the second order partial derivatives:**
- Second partial derivative with respect to $x$:
$$f_{xx} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left( -\frac{1}{(x + y)^2} \right) = 2 \frac{1}{(x + y)^3}$$
- Second partial derivative with respect to $y$:
$$f_{yy} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} \left( -\frac{1}{(x + y)^2} \right) = 2 \frac{1}{(x + y)^3}$$
- Mixed partial derivative:
$$f_{xy} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} \left( -\frac{1}{(x + y)^2} \right) = 2 \frac{1}{(x + y)^3}$$
5. **Final answers:**
$$f_{xx} = \frac{2}{(x + y)^3}, \quad f_{yy} = \frac{2}{(x + y)^3}, \quad f_{xy} = \frac{2}{(x + y)^3}$$