Maclaurin Ln
1. **State the problem:** Find the first four non-zero terms of the Maclaurin series for the function $f(x) = \ln(1+x)$.
2. **Recall the Maclaurin series definition:** The Maclaurin series of a function $f(x)$ is given by
$$f(x) = f(0) + f'(0)x + \frac{f''(0)}{2!}x^2 + \frac{f'''(0)}{3!}x^3 + \frac{f^{(4)}(0)}{4!}x^4 + \cdots$$
3. **Calculate derivatives:**
- $f(x) = \ln(1+x)$
- $f'(x) = \frac{1}{1+x}$
- $f''(x) = -\frac{1}{(1+x)^2}$
- $f'''(x) = \frac{2}{(1+x)^3}$
- $f^{(4)}(x) = -\frac{6}{(1+x)^4}$
4. **Evaluate derivatives at $x=0$:**
- $f(0) = \ln(1+0) = 0$
- $f'(0) = \frac{1}{1+0} = 1$
- $f''(0) = -1$
- $f'''(0) = 2$
- $f^{(4)}(0) = -6$
5. **Substitute into the Maclaurin series formula:**
$$f(x) = 0 + 1 \cdot x + \frac{-1}{2!}x^2 + \frac{2}{3!}x^3 + \frac{-6}{4!}x^4 + \cdots$$
6. **Simplify factorials:**
- $2! = 2$
- $3! = 6$
- $4! = 24$
7. **Write the first four non-zero terms:**
$$f(x) = x - \frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{2}{6}x^3 - \frac{6}{24}x^4 + \cdots = x - \frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{x^3}{3} - \frac{x^4}{4} + \cdots$$
**Final answer:**
The first four non-zero terms of the Maclaurin series for $\ln(1+x)$ are
$$x - \frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{x^3}{3} - \frac{x^4}{4}$$