Limit To Integral
1. **State the problem:**
We are given the limit expression
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{2}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \left(3 \left(1 + \frac{2i}{n}\right) - 6\right)$$
and asked to express it as a definite integral and find the function $f(x)$.
2. **Recall the theorem:**
The definite integral from $a$ to $b$ of $f(x)$ is given by
$$\int_a^b f(x)\,dx = \lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=1}^n f(x_i) \Delta x$$
where
$$\Delta x = \frac{b - a}{n} \quad \text{and} \quad x_i = a + i \Delta x$$
3. **Identify $\Delta x$ and $x_i$ from the limit:**
Here, the factor outside the sum is $\frac{2}{n}$, so
$$\Delta x = \frac{2}{n}$$
which implies
$$b - a = 2$$
Inside the sum, the term is
$$3 \left(1 + \frac{2i}{n}\right) - 6 = 3 + \frac{6i}{n} - 6 = \frac{6i}{n} - 3$$
4. **Express $x_i$ in terms of $i$ and $\Delta x$:**
Since
$$x_i = a + i \Delta x = a + i \frac{2}{n}$$
we see that
$$1 + \frac{2i}{n} = 1 + i \frac{2}{n} = x_i$$
if we set
$$a = 1, \quad b = 3$$
5. **Rewrite the function inside the sum as $f(x_i)$:**
$$f(x_i) = 3x_i - 6$$
6. **Write the definite integral:**
Using the theorem,
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=1}^n f(x_i) \Delta x = \int_1^3 (3x - 6) \, dx$$
7. **Summary:**
- $a = 1$
- $b = 3$
- $f(x) = 3x - 6$
**Final answer:**
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{2}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \left(3 \left(1 + \frac{2i}{n}\right) - 6\right) = \int_1^3 (3x - 6) \, dx$$