Limit Evaluations
1. Problem 17: Find $$\lim_{x \to 3} \frac{x}{x-3}$$.
Step 1: Substitute $x=3$ directly into the expression:
$$\frac{3}{3-3} = \frac{3}{0}$$ which is undefined.
Step 2: Analyze the behavior as $x$ approaches 3 from the left ($x \to 3^-$):
When $x$ is slightly less than 3, $x-3$ is a small negative number, so the denominator is negative and close to zero.
The numerator is close to 3 (positive).
Thus, the fraction approaches $-\infty$.
Step 3: Analyze the behavior as $x$ approaches 3 from the right ($x \to 3^+$):
When $x$ is slightly greater than 3, $x-3$ is a small positive number.
The numerator is close to 3 (positive).
Thus, the fraction approaches $+\infty$.
Step 4: Since the left-hand limit and right-hand limit are not equal, the limit does not exist.
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2. Problem 18: Find $$\lim_{x \to 2^+} \frac{x}{x^2 - 4}$$.
Step 1: Factor the denominator:
$$x^2 - 4 = (x-2)(x+2)$$.
Step 2: Substitute $x=2$:
$$\frac{2}{2^2 - 4} = \frac{2}{0}$$ undefined.
Step 3: Analyze the sign of denominator as $x \to 2^+$ (values slightly greater than 2):
- $(x-2)$ is a small positive number.
- $(x+2)$ is positive (around 4).
So denominator is positive small number.
Numerator is close to 2 (positive).
Step 4: Therefore, the fraction approaches $+\infty$.
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3. Problem 19: Find $$\lim_{x \to 2^-} \frac{x}{x^2 - 4}$$.
Step 1: Using the factorization from before.
Step 2: As $x \to 2^-$ (values slightly less than 2):
- $(x-2)$ is a small negative number.
- $(x+2)$ is positive.
So denominator is a small negative number.
Numerator is close to 2 (positive).
Step 3: The fraction approaches $-\infty$.
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4. Problem 20: Find $$\lim_{x \to 2} \frac{x}{x^2 - 4}$$.
Step 1: Since the left-hand limit is $-\infty$ and the right-hand limit is $+\infty$, the two-sided limit does not exist.
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Final answers:
- Problem 17: Limit does not exist.
- Problem 18: Limit is $+\infty$.
- Problem 19: Limit is $-\infty$.
- Problem 20: Limit does not exist.