Integral Sec Csc C15997
1. **Problem:** Evaluate the integral $$\int \left(\frac{\sec x}{\csc x} + \frac{\csc x}{\sec x}\right) dx$$.
2. **Formula and rules:** Recall that $$\sec x = \frac{1}{\cos x}$$ and $$\csc x = \frac{1}{\sin x}$$.
3. **Rewrite the integrand:**
$$\frac{\sec x}{\csc x} + \frac{\csc x}{\sec x} = \frac{\frac{1}{\cos x}}{\frac{1}{\sin x}} + \frac{\frac{1}{\sin x}}{\frac{1}{\cos x}} = \frac{1}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{1} + \frac{1}{\sin x} \cdot \frac{\cos x}{1} = \frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\cos x}{\sin x}$$
4. **Simplify:**
$$\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\cos x}{\sin x} = \tan x + \cot x$$
5. **Integral becomes:**
$$\int (\tan x + \cot x) dx = \int \tan x \, dx + \int \cot x \, dx$$
6. **Recall integrals:**
$$\int \tan x \, dx = -\ln|\cos x| + C$$
$$\int \cot x \, dx = \ln|\sin x| + C$$
7. **Combine results:**
$$\int (\tan x + \cot x) dx = -\ln|\cos x| + \ln|\sin x| + C = \ln\left|\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right| + C = \ln|\tan x| + C$$
**Final answer:**
$$\int \left(\frac{\sec x}{\csc x} + \frac{\csc x}{\sec x}\right) dx = \ln|\tan x| + C$$