Integral Evaluation Bb73Af
1. **Evaluate** $\int_0^2 (3x^2 - 2x + 1) \, dx$.
Formula: $\int (ax^n) dx = \frac{a}{n+1} x^{n+1} + C$.
Calculate:
$$\int_0^2 3x^2 dx = \left[x^3\right]_0^2 = 8$$
$$\int_0^2 -2x dx = \left[-x^2\right]_0^2 = -4$$
$$\int_0^2 1 dx = \left[x\right]_0^2 = 2$$
Sum: $8 - 4 + 2 = 6$.
2. **Evaluate** $\int (x^{1/2} + 4x^3) dx$.
Use power rule:
$$\int x^{1/2} dx = \frac{2}{3} x^{3/2} + C$$
$$\int 4x^3 dx = x^4 + C$$
Result: $\frac{2}{3} x^{3/2} + x^4 + C$.
3. **Evaluate** $\int_1^4 (\sqrt{x} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}) dx$.
Rewrite:
$$\int_1^4 (x^{1/2} + x^{-1/2}) dx = \left[ \frac{2}{3} x^{3/2} + 2 x^{1/2} \right]_1^4$$
Calculate:
At 4: $\frac{2}{3} \cdot 8 + 2 \cdot 2 = \frac{16}{3} + 4 = \frac{28}{3}$
At 1: $\frac{2}{3} + 2 = \frac{8}{3}$
Difference: $\frac{28}{3} - \frac{8}{3} = \frac{20}{3}$.
4. **Evaluate** $\int_0^\pi \cos x \, dx$.
Integral:
$$\sin x \Big|_0^\pi = \sin \pi - \sin 0 = 0 - 0 = 0$$.
5. **Evaluate** $\int (e^x + \sin x) dx$.
Integrate termwise:
$$\int e^x dx = e^x + C$$
$$\int \sin x dx = -\cos x + C$$
Result: $e^x - \cos x + C$.
6. **Evaluate** $\int_0^1 (2x + 1)^3 dx$.
Expand:
$$(2x+1)^3 = 8x^3 + 12x^2 + 6x + 1$$
Integrate termwise:
$$\int_0^1 8x^3 dx = 2$$
$$\int_0^1 12x^2 dx = 4$$
$$\int_0^1 6x dx = 3$$
$$\int_0^1 1 dx = 1$$
Sum: $2 + 4 + 3 + 1 = 10$.
7. **Evaluate** $\int \frac{\cos(\sqrt{x})}{\sqrt{x}} dx$.
Substitute $t = \sqrt{x}$, so $x = t^2$, $dx = 2t dt$.
Rewrite integral:
$$\int \frac{\cos t}{t} 2t dt = 2 \int \cos t dt = 2 \sin t + C = 2 \sin(\sqrt{x}) + C$$.
8. **Evaluate** $\int_0^2 |x - 1| dx$.
Split at $x=1$:
$$\int_0^1 (1 - x) dx + \int_1^2 (x - 1) dx$$
Calculate:
$$\left[x - \frac{x^2}{2}\right]_0^1 = 1 - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{2}$$
$$\left[\frac{x^2}{2} - x\right]_1^2 = \left(2 - 2\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} - 1\right) = 0 - (-\frac{1}{2}) = \frac{1}{2}$$
Sum: $\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} = 1$.
9. **Evaluate** $\int \frac{x}{x^2 + 1} dx$.
Substitute $u = x^2 + 1$, $du = 2x dx$.
Rewrite:
$$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{du}{u} = \frac{1}{2} \ln|u| + C = \frac{1}{2} \ln(x^2 + 1) + C$$.
10. **Evaluate** $\int_0^{\pi/4} \sec^2 \theta d\theta$.
Integral:
$$\tan \theta \Big|_0^{\pi/4} = 1 - 0 = 1$$.
11. **Evaluate** $\int_1^e \frac{\ln x}{x} dx$.
Substitute $t = \ln x$, $dt = \frac{1}{x} dx$.
Integral becomes:
$$\int_0^1 t dt = \frac{1}{2} t^2 \Big|_0^1 = \frac{1}{2}$$.
12. **Evaluate** $\int \sin(3x) dx$.
Integral:
$$-\frac{1}{3} \cos(3x) + C$$.
13. **Evaluate** $\int_{-1}^2 (e^x + 2) dx$.
Split:
$$\int_{-1}^2 e^x dx + \int_{-1}^2 2 dx = \left[e^x\right]_{-1}^2 + 2(x)\Big|_{-1}^2 = (e^2 - e^{-1}) + 2(3) = e^2 - \frac{1}{e} + 6$$.
14. **Evaluate** $\int x e^{x^2} dx$.
Substitute $u = x^2$, $du = 2x dx$.
Rewrite:
$$\frac{1}{2} \int e^u du = \frac{1}{2} e^{x^2} + C$$.
15. **Evaluate** $\int_0^1 \frac{dx}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}$.
Integral is arcsin:
$$\arcsin x \Big|_0^1 = \frac{\pi}{2} - 0 = \frac{\pi}{2}$$.
16. **Evaluate** $\int \frac{(\arctan x)^2}{1 + x^2} dx$.
Substitute $t = \arctan x$, $dt = \frac{1}{1+x^2} dx$.
Integral becomes:
$$\int t^2 dt = \frac{t^3}{3} + C = \frac{(\arctan x)^3}{3} + C$$.
17. **Evaluate** $\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin x \cos x dx$.
Use identity:
$$\sin x \cos x = \frac{1}{2} \sin(2x)$$
Integral:
$$\frac{1}{2} \int_0^{\pi/2} \sin(2x) dx = \frac{1}{2} \left[-\frac{\cos(2x)}{2}\right]_0^{\pi/2} = -\frac{1}{4} (\cos \pi - \cos 0) = -\frac{1}{4} (-1 - 1) = \frac{1}{2}$$.
18. **Evaluate** $\int \frac{2t + 3}{t^2 + 3t + 5} dt$.
Derivative of denominator:
$$\frac{d}{dt} (t^2 + 3t + 5) = 2t + 3$$
Integral:
$$\int \frac{f'(t)}{f(t)} dt = \ln|t^2 + 3t + 5| + C$$.
19. **Evaluate** $\int_0^4 (4 - t) \sqrt{t} dt$.
Rewrite:
$$\int_0^4 (4 \sqrt{t} - t \sqrt{t}) dt = \int_0^4 (4 t^{1/2} - t^{3/2}) dt$$
Integrate:
$$4 \cdot \frac{2}{3} t^{3/2} - \frac{2}{5} t^{5/2} \Big|_0^4 = \frac{8}{3} \cdot 8 - \frac{2}{5} \cdot 32 = \frac{64}{3} - \frac{64}{5} = \frac{320 - 192}{15} = \frac{128}{15}$$.
20. **Evaluate** $\int_{-2}^2 f(x) dx$ where
$$f(x) = \begin{cases} 3 & -2 \leq x \leq 0 \\ 4 - x^2 & 0 < x \leq 2 \end{cases}$$
Split integral:
$$\int_{-2}^0 3 dx + \int_0^2 (4 - x^2) dx = 3(0 + 2) + \left[4x - \frac{x^3}{3}\right]_0^2 = 6 + (8 - \frac{8}{3}) = 6 + \frac{16}{3} = \frac{34}{3}$$.
**Final answers:**
1. 6
2. $\frac{2}{3} x^{3/2} + x^4 + C$
3. $\frac{20}{3}$
4. 0
5. $e^x - \cos x + C$
6. 10
7. $2 \sin(\sqrt{x}) + C$
8. 1
9. $\frac{1}{2} \ln(x^2 + 1) + C$
10. 1
11. $\frac{1}{2}$
12. $-\frac{1}{3} \cos(3x) + C$
13. $e^2 - \frac{1}{e} + 6$
14. $\frac{1}{2} e^{x^2} + C$
15. $\frac{\pi}{2}$
16. $\frac{(\arctan x)^3}{3} + C$
17. $\frac{1}{2}$
18. $\ln|t^2 + 3t + 5| + C$
19. $\frac{128}{15}$
20. $\frac{34}{3}$