1. The problem is to understand the number 10 and its properties. 2. The number 10 is a positive integer and a base number in the decimal system. 3. It can be expressed as $10 = 2 \times 5$, showing its prime factorization. 4. It is an even number because it is divisible by 2. 5. It is also the sum of the first four positive integers: $1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10$. 6. Understanding these properties helps in various algebraic and arithmetic operations.