Term Position
1. We are given the sequence: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, \ldots, 821, and we need to find the term number (position) of 821 in this sequence.
2. First, observe the differences between consecutive terms:
$$2 - 1 = 1,$$
$$4 - 2 = 2,$$
$$7 - 4 = 3,$$
$$11 - 7 = 4,$$
We see the differences increase by 1 each time.
3. This means the sequence is generated by starting at 1, then adding an increasing difference starting at 1:
$$a_1 = 1,$$
$$a_2 = a_1 + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2,$$
$$a_3 = a_2 + 2 = 2 + 2 = 4,$$
$$a_4 = a_3 + 3 = 4 + 3 = 7,$$
$$a_5 = a_4 + 4 = 7 + 4 = 11,$$
and so on.
4. The $n$th term can be expressed as
$$a_n = 1 + \sum_{k=1}^{n-1} k = 1 + \frac{(n-1)n}{2}.$$
5. We want to find $n$ such that $a_n = 821$. So:
$$821 = 1 + \frac{(n-1)n}{2}$$
$$821 - 1 = \frac{(n-1)n}{2}$$
$$820 = \frac{n^2 - n}{2}$$
$$1640 = n^2 - n$$
6. Rearranging as a quadratic equation:
$$n^2 - n - 1640 = 0.$$
7. Solve quadratic using the formula:
$$n = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 4 \times 1640}}{2} = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 6560}}{2} = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{6561}}{2}.$$
Since $\sqrt{6561} = 81$, we get:
$$n = \frac{1 \pm 81}{2}.$$
8. Taking the positive root (since term number must be positive):
$$n = \frac{1 + 81}{2} = \frac{82}{2} = 41.$$
9. Therefore, the term containing 821 is the 41st term in the sequence.
10. Final answer:
$$\boxed{41}$$