1. **Solve the equation** $\frac{4p - 2}{5} = \frac{p + 1}{5} - 3$. 2. Multiply both sides by 5 to clear the denominators: $$5 \times \frac{4p - 2}{5} = 5 \times \left(\frac{p + 1}{5} - 3\right)$$ which simplifies to $$4p - 2 = p + 1 - 15$$ 3. Simplify the right side: $$4p - 2 = p - 14$$ 4. Add 2 to both sides: $$4p = p - 12$$ 5. Subtract $p$ from both sides: $$3p = -12$$ 6. Divide both sides by 3: $$p = -4$$ --- 1. **Solve the equation** $\frac{5}{6} + \frac{x}{3} = \frac{3x + 8}{12}$. 2. Find a common denominator for all terms which is 12, and multiply through by 12: $$12 \times \left( \frac{5}{6} + \frac{x}{3} \right) = 12 \times \frac{3x + 8}{12}$$ which gives $$12 \times \frac{5}{6} + 12 \times \frac{x}{3} = 3x + 8$$ 3. Simplify each term: $$10 + 4x = 3x + 8$$ 4. Subtract $3x$ from both sides: $$10 + x = 8$$ 5. Subtract 10 from both sides: $$x = -2$$ **Final answers:** - For equation 3(a), $p = -4$ - For equation 4(a), $x = -2$