1. The problem is to solve the equation $5x - 5 = -3$ for $x$. 2. The formula used here is to isolate $x$ by performing inverse operations step-by-step. 3. Start by adding 5 to both sides to cancel the $-5$ on the left: $$5x - 5 + 5 = -3 + 5$$ which simplifies to $$5x = 2$$ 4. Next, divide both sides by 5 to solve for $x$: $$x = \frac{2}{5}$$ 5. So, the solution is $x = \frac{2}{5}$. This means when $x$ is $\frac{2}{5}$, the original equation holds true.