Rational Function 4E6Bbc
1. **Problem Statement:**
Find the asymptotes, intercepts, and graph of the function
$$f(x) = \frac{x^3 + x^2 - 4x - 4}{x^3 - x^2 - 8x + 12}.$$
2. **Asymptotes:**
- Vertical asymptotes occur where the denominator is zero and the numerator is not zero.
- Horizontal or slant asymptotes depend on the degrees of numerator and denominator.
3. **Find vertical asymptotes:**
Factor denominator:
$$x^3 - x^2 - 8x + 12 = (x-3)(x+2)(x-2).$$
Set denominator to zero:
$$x=3, x=-2, x=2.$$
Check numerator at these points:
- At $x=3$: numerator $= 27 + 9 - 12 - 4 = 20 \neq 0$ vertical asymptote.
- At $x=-2$: numerator $= -8 + 4 + 8 - 4 = 0$ numerator zero, so no vertical asymptote here.
- At $x=2$: numerator $= 8 + 4 - 8 - 4 = 0$ numerator zero, so no vertical asymptote here.
4. **Simplify function by factoring numerator:**
Factor numerator:
$$x^3 + x^2 - 4x - 4 = (x+2)(x-2)(x+1).$$
5. **Simplify $f(x)$:**
$$f(x) = \frac{(x+2)(x-2)(x+1)}{(x-3)(x+2)(x-2)} = \frac{x+1}{x-3}, \quad x \neq -2, 2.$$
6. **Asymptotes from simplified form:**
- Vertical asymptote at $x=3$.
- Holes (removable discontinuities) at $x=-2$ and $x=2$.
7. **Horizontal/slant asymptote:**
Since degrees of numerator and denominator are equal (both 1 after simplification), horizontal asymptote is ratio of leading coefficients:
$$y = \frac{1}{1} = 1.$$
8. **Intercepts:**
- **x-intercept:** Set numerator zero:
$$x+1=0 \Rightarrow x=-1.$$
- **y-intercept:** Set $x=0$:
$$f(0) = \frac{0+1}{0-3} = -\frac{1}{3}.$$
9. **Summary:**
- Vertical asymptote: $x=3$
- Holes at $x=-2$ and $x=2$
- Horizontal asymptote: $y=1$
- x-intercept: $(-1,0)$
- y-intercept: $(0,-\frac{1}{3})$
10. **Graph:**
The graph behaves like $y=\frac{x+1}{x-3}$ except it has holes at $x=-2$ and $x=2$. It approaches $y=1$ as $x \to \pm \infty$ and has a vertical asymptote at $x=3$.
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{\text{Vertical asymptote: } x=3, \quad \text{Holes at } x=-2,2, \quad \text{Horizontal asymptote: } y=1, \quad \text{x-intercept } (-1,0), \quad \text{y-intercept } (0,-\frac{1}{3})}.$$