Quadratic Completion E4Db91
1. **State the problem:** We are given the quadratic function $f(x) = 3x^2 + 5x - 7$.
2. **Express $f(x)$ in the form $a(x+h)^2 + k$ (completing the square):**
- Start with $f(x) = 3x^2 + 5x - 7$.
- Factor out the coefficient of $x^2$ from the first two terms: $$f(x) = 3\left(x^2 + \frac{5}{3}x\right) - 7$$
- To complete the square inside the parentheses, take half of the coefficient of $x$, which is $\frac{5}{3}$, so half is $\frac{5}{6}$.
- Square this half: $$\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^2 = \frac{25}{36}$$
- Add and subtract this inside the parentheses: $$f(x) = 3\left(x^2 + \frac{5}{3}x + \frac{25}{36} - \frac{25}{36}\right) - 7$$
- Group the perfect square trinomial and simplify: $$f(x) = 3\left(\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 - \frac{25}{36}\right) - 7$$
- Distribute the 3: $$f(x) = 3\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 - 3 \times \frac{25}{36} - 7 = 3\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 - \frac{75}{36} - 7$$
- Simplify constants: $$- \frac{75}{36} - 7 = - \frac{75}{36} - \frac{252}{36} = - \frac{327}{36} = - \frac{109}{12}$$
- So the vertex form is: $$f(x) = 3\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 - \frac{109}{12}$$
3. **Solve the equation $f(x) = 0$:**
- Set the vertex form equal to zero: $$3\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 - \frac{109}{12} = 0$$
- Add $\frac{109}{12}$ to both sides: $$3\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 = \frac{109}{12}$$
- Divide both sides by 3: $$\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 = \frac{109}{36}$$
- Take the square root of both sides: $$x + \frac{5}{6} = \pm \sqrt{\frac{109}{36}} = \pm \frac{\sqrt{109}}{6}$$
- Solve for $x$: $$x = -\frac{5}{6} \pm \frac{\sqrt{109}}{6} = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{109}}{6}$$
4. **Sketch the graph of $f(x) = 3x^2 + 5x - 7$:**
- The vertex is at $$\left(-\frac{5}{6}, -\frac{109}{12}\right)$$.
- The y-intercept is found by evaluating $f(0)$: $$f(0) = -7$$, so the point is $(0, -7)$.
- The x-intercepts are the solutions to $f(x) = 0$, which are $$x = \frac{-5 + \sqrt{109}}{6}$$ and $$x = \frac{-5 - \sqrt{109}}{6}$$.
The parabola opens upwards because the coefficient of $x^2$ is positive (3).
Final answers:
$$f(x) = 3\left(x + \frac{5}{6}\right)^2 - \frac{109}{12}$$
$$x = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{109}}{6}$$