Logarithm Equation
1. **State the problem:** Solve the equation $$\log_{10}(x - 3) + \log_{10} x = \log_{10} 12$$ for $x$.
2. **Apply logarithm properties:** Recall that the sum of logarithms with the same base is the logarithm of the product, so:
$$\log_{10}(x - 3) + \log_{10} x = \log_{10}[(x - 3) \cdot x] = \log_{10}(x^2 - 3x)$$
3. **Rewrite the equation:** The original equation becomes:
$$\log_{10}(x^2 - 3x) = \log_{10} 12$$
4. **Drop logarithms (since the base and logs are defined for positive arguments):**
$$x^2 - 3x = 12$$
5. **Rewrite as a quadratic equation:**
$$x^2 - 3x - 12 = 0$$
6. **Factor or use the quadratic formula:**
The quadratic factors as:
$$(x - 6)(x + 2) = 0$$
7. **Solve for $x$:**
$$x = 6 \quad \text{or} \quad x = -2$$
8. **Check the domain restrictions:**
Since $x$ appears inside logarithms, the arguments must be positive:
- $x > 0$
- $x - 3 > 0 \Rightarrow x > 3$
Therefore, $x = -2$ is invalid because it does not satisfy $x > 0$.
9. **Final solution:**
$$\boxed{x = 6}$$