1. The equation of a line is given by $y = m \times x + c$, where $m$ is the slope and $c$ is the intercept. 2. The slope $m$ represents how steep the line is and is calculated as the ratio of "rise" (vertical change) over "run" (horizontal change). 3. The intercept $c$ is the point where the line crosses the $y$-axis (when $x=0$). 4. The mean is the average value of a data set, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values. 5. The variance measures how spread out the data are around the mean and is the average of the squared differences from the mean. 6. These concepts provide the basics to understand linear equations and simple statistics.