Collatz Sequence
1. **Stating the problem**: We have a sequence starting at 3. Each term is generated from the previous as follows:
- If the term is even, next term = term \div 2
- If the term is odd, next term = 3 \times term + 1
We want to find the 300th term.
2. **Generate the sequence starting from 3**:
Term 1: 3 (given)
Term 2: 3 is odd, so 3 \times 3 + 1 = 10
Term 3: 10 is even, so 10 \div 2 = 5
Term 4: 5 is odd, so 3 \times 5 + 1 = 16
Term 5: 16 is even, so 16 \div 2 = 8
Term 6: 8 is even, so 8 \div 2 = 4
Term 7: 4 is even, so 4 \div 2 = 2
Term 8: 2 is even, so 2 \div 2 = 1
Term 9: 1 is odd, so 3 \times 1 + 1 = 4
Term 10: 4 is even, so 4 \div 2 = 2
Term 11: 2 is even, so 2 \div 2 = 1
3. **Identify the pattern**:
From term 8 onwards, the sequence cycles through 1,4,2,1,4,2,...
This 3-term cycle repeats forever.
4. **Find the 300th term**:
The cycle length is 3, starting at term 8.
Calculate the offset of term 300 from term 8: 300 - 8 + 1 = 293 terms into the cycle.
We find the position inside the cycle by computing remainder when dividing 293 by 3:
$$293 \div 3 = 97\text{ remainder } 2$$
- If remainder 1: term is 1
- If remainder 2: term is 4
- If remainder 0: term is 2
Here remainder is 2, so the 300th term is 4.
**Final answer:** $$\boxed{4}$$