Circle Intersections
1. We are given the system of equations representing two circles:
$$ (x-10)^2 + (y-5)^2 = 25 $$
$$ (x-20)^2 + (y-10)^2 = 100 $$
We need to find the points where these two circles intersect.
2. Expand both equations:
$$ (x-10)^2 + (y-5)^2 = x^2 - 20x + 100 + y^2 - 10y + 25 = 25 $$
Simplify:
$$ x^2 - 20x + y^2 - 10y + 125 = 25 $$
$$ x^2 + y^2 - 20x - 10y + 100 = 0 \, ...(1) $$
Similarly for the second circle,
$$ (x-20)^2 + (y-10)^2 = x^2 - 40x + 400 + y^2 - 20y + 100 = 100 $$
Simplify:
$$ x^2 + y^2 - 40x - 20y + 500 = 100 $$
$$ x^2 + y^2 - 40x - 20y + 400 = 0 \, ...(2) $$
3. Subtract equation (1) from (2) to eliminate $x^2 + y^2$:
$$ (x^2 + y^2 - 40x - 20y + 400) - (x^2 + y^2 - 20x - 10y + 100) = 0 $$
Simplify:
$$ -40x - 20y + 400 + 20x + 10y - 100 = 0 $$
$$ (-40x + 20x) + (-20y + 10y) + (400 - 100) = 0 $$
$$ -20x - 10y + 300 = 0 $$
4. Divide entire equation by -10:
$$ 2x + y - 30 = 0 $$
Rearranged:
$$ y = 30 - 2x \, ...(3) $$
5. Substitute $y = 30 - 2x$ from (3) into equation (1):
$$ x^2 + (30 - 2x)^2 - 20x - 10(30 - 2x) + 100 = 0 $$
Expand terms:
$$ x^2 + (900 - 120x + 4x^2) - 20x - 300 + 20x + 100 = 0 $$
Simplify:
$$ x^2 + 900 - 120x + 4x^2 - 20x - 300 + 20x + 100 = 0 $$
Combine like terms:
$$ 5x^2 - 120x + (900 - 300 + 100) = 0 $$
$$ 5x^2 - 120x + 700 = 0 $$
6. Divide entire equation by 5:
$$ x^2 - 24x + 140 = 0 $$
7. Solve quadratic equation using the quadratic formula:
$$ x = \frac{24 \pm \sqrt{(-24)^2 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot 140}}{2} $$
Calculate discriminant:
$$ \sqrt{576 - 560} = \sqrt{16} = 4 $$
8. Find the two solutions for $x$:
$$ x_1 = \frac{24 + 4}{2} = \frac{28}{2} = 14 $$
$$ x_2 = \frac{24 - 4}{2} = \frac{20}{2} = 10 $$
9. Find corresponding $y$ values by substituting back into $y = 30 - 2x$:
For $x=14$:
$$ y = 30 - 2 \cdot 14 = 30 - 28 = 2 $$
For $x=10$:
$$ y = 30 - 2 \cdot 10 = 30 - 20 = 10 $$
10. The points of intersection are:
$$ (14, 2) \text{ and } (10, 10) $$