1. Stating the problem: You want to know formulas and steps to change the subject of a formula involving square roots and squares. 2. When the formula involves a square root, e.g., $$y = \sqrt{x}$$, to make $x$ the subject, square both sides: $$y^2 = (\sqrt{x})^2 = x$$ So the subject is: $$x = y^2$$ 3. When the formula involves a square, e.g., $$y = x^2$$, to make $x$ the subject, take the square root of both sides: $$x = \pm\sqrt{y}$$ (the $\pm$ appears because both positive and negative $x$ squared give $y$) 4. For formulas with expressions, follow the same principles: isolate the squared or square root term and then square or root both sides respectively. Example: If $$\sqrt{3x + 2} = y$$, square both sides: $$3x + 2 = y^2$$ then solve for $x$: $$3x = y^2 - 2$$ $$x = \frac{y^2 - 2}{3}$$ Similarly, if $$y = (2x - 1)^2$$, take square root: $$2x - 1 = \pm\sqrt{y}$$ Solve for $x$: $$2x = 1 \pm \sqrt{y}$$ $$x = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{y}}{2}$$